SECTION 2

1. Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to respect and to ensure to all individuals within its territory and subject to its jurisdiction the rights recognized in the present Covenant, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. 2. Where not already provided for by existing legislative or other measures, each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to take the necessary steps, in accordance with its constitutional processes and with the provisions of the present (Footnote continued from page 172) See p. 300 of this volume for the texts of the declarations recognizing the competence of the Human Rights Committee under article 41. "Several of the 35 instruments deposited were accompanied by reservations, about which the Covenant is silent. In this regard, the Secretary-General, on the basis of the consultations that he held in the same circumstances with respect to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (see No. 1-14531 of volume 993), has considered that the States concerned did not object to the entry into force of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights on 23 March 1976. ***See p. 288 of this volume for the texts of the declarations and reservations made upon ratification or accession. fThe following countries made declarations regarding the declaration made upon ratification by the Federal Re public of Germany: France, German Democratic Republic, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and United States of America. For the texts of the said declarations, see No. 1-14531 in volume 993. Vol. 999,1-14668 174 United Nations — Treaty Series • Nations Unies — Recueil des Traités 1976 Covenant, to adopt such legislative or other measures as may be necessary to give ef fect to the rights recognized in the present Covenant. 3. Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes: (a) To ensure that any person whose rights or freedoms as herein recognized are violated shall have an effective remedy, notwithstanding that the violation has been committed by persons acting in an official capacity; (b) To ensure that any person claiming such a remedy shall have his right thereto determined by competent judicial, administrative or legislative authorities, or by any other competent authority provided for by the legal system of the State, and to develop the possibilities of judicial remedy; (c) To ensure that the competent authorities shall enforce such remedies when granted.